Two Types of Cultivation in AP Human Geography

Subsistence Agriculture

Subsistence agriculture is the production of food primarily for consumption by the farmer and their family.
It is commonly found in less developed countries, where small-scale farming is primarily grown for personal consumption.
Farmers practicing subsistence agriculture may sell any surplus food, but the primary objective is not profit.
Intensive subsistence agriculture is the most common type of subsistence agriculture worldwide.
It is highly dependent on animal power and is commonly practiced in humid, tropical regions.
The most common form of intensive subsistence agriculture is wet rice farming, but it can also include non-wet rice fields like wheat and barley.
In areas with sunny locations and long growing seasons, farmers may be able to efficiently get two harvests per year from a single field, a method called double cropping.
Another form of subsistence agriculture is shifting cultivation, where farmers move to new locations every few years to farm new land.
Shifting cultivation is practiced because farming a patch of land tends to deplete its fertility over time.

Commercial Agriculture:

Commercial agriculture is focused on making a profit from the production of food.
It is more commonly found in developed regions, where fewer people are involved in farming.
Commercial agriculture can be further divided into different types, such as intensive farming and extensive farming.
Intensive farming involves the use of high levels of inputs, such as chemicals, fertilizers, and irrigation, to maximize crop yields.
Intensive farming practices are often used in areas with high population density and limited land availability.
Extensive farming, on the other hand, involves the use of relatively low levels of inputs, such as labor and capital, to produce crops or livestock.
Extensive farming systems are typically found in areas with low population density and abundant land.

Subsistence agriculture is a type of farming where the primary goal is to produce food for the farmer and their family.
It is commonly found in less developed countries, where small-scale farming is primarily grown for personal consumption.
Farmers practicing subsistence agriculture may sell any surplus food, but the primary objective is not profit.
The most common type of subsistence agriculture worldwide is intensive subsistence agriculture.
It is highly dependent on animal power and is commonly practiced in humid, tropical regions.
The most common form of intensive subsistence agriculture is wet rice farming, but it can also include non-wet rice fields like wheat and barley.
In areas with sunny locations and long growing seasons, farmers may be able to efficiently get two harvests per year from a single field, a method called double cropping.

Shifting cultivation is a type of subsistence agriculture where farmers move to new locations every few years to farm new land.
Shifting cultivation is practiced because farming a patch of land tends to deplete its fertility over time.
There are two processes in shifting cultivation:
Farmers must remove and burn the earth in a manner called slash-and-burn agriculture where slashing the land clears space, while burning the natural vegetation fertilizes the soil.
Farmers can only grow their crops on the cleared land for 2-3 years until the soil is depleted of its nutrients then they must move on and remove a new area of the earth; they may return to the previous location after 5-20 years after the natural vegetation has regrown.
The most common crops grown in shifting cultivation are corn, millet, and sugarcane.
Slash-and-burn agriculture has been a significant contributor to deforestation around the world.

Commercial agriculture is focused on making a profit from the production of food.
It is more commonly found in developed regions, where fewer people are involved in farming.
Commercial agriculture can be further divided into different types, such as intensive farming and extensive farming.
Intensive farming involves the use of high levels of inputs, such as chemicals, fertilizers, and irrigation, to maximize crop yields.
Intensive farming practices are often used in areas with high population density and limited land availability.
Extensive farming, on the other hand, involves the use of relatively low levels of inputs, such as labor and capital, to produce crops or livestock.
Extensive farming systems are typically found in areas with low population density and abundant land.

Subsistence agriculture is a type of farming where the primary goal is to produce food for the farmer and their family, rather than for sale or profit.

Subsistence agriculture is commonly found in less developed countries, where small-scale farming is primarily grown for personal consumption.

Shifting cultivation is a type of subsistence agriculture where farmers move to new locations every few years to farm new land, in order to allow the soil in previously farmed areas to recover its fertility.

The two processes involved in shifting cultivation are:
Slash-and-burn agriculture, where farmers remove and burn vegetation to clear land for farming.
Farmers can only grow crops on the cleared land for 2-3 years until the soil is depleted of its nutrients, then they must move on and clear a new area of land.

Commercial agriculture is a type of farming where the primary goal is to make a profit from the production of food.

Commercial agriculture is more commonly found in developed regions, where fewer people are involved in farming.

The two main types of commercial agriculture are intensive farming and extensive farming.

Intensive farming involves the use of high levels of inputs, such as chemicals, fertilizers, and irrigation, to maximize crop yields. Extensive farming, on the other hand, involves the use of relatively low levels of inputs to produce crops or livestock.