The common periwinkle (Vinca minor) is a perennial ground cover native to Europe and Africa. It is often planted for its glossy, thick leaves and lavender flowers. However, in some regions, it has become an invasive species, posing a threat to native ecosystems. This article explores the invasive nature of the common periwinkle, examining its potential for invasiveness, the impact on native flora, regional variations, and considerations for planting.
Key Facts
- Invasive Nature: The common periwinkle has the potential to become invasive in certain areas, particularly in the Eastern United States. It can invade natural areas, including forests, and often escapes from old homesites.
- Competition with Native Flora: Once established, the common periwinkle can form a dense carpet, excluding other plants and competing with native flora. This can be a problem in areas where it outcompetes native plants.
- Regional Variations: The invasiveness of the common periwinkle can vary depending on the region and climate. It tends to become invasive in hot Mediterranean climates. However, its invasiveness may not be as significant in other areas.
- Planting Considerations: The common periwinkle should be planted in the right place to avoid potential invasiveness. It is not recommended to plant it in areas where it can spread into natural plantings, like open woodlands. It can be suitable as a ground cover under trees or in areas where erosion control is needed.
Invasive Nature of Common Periwinkle
The common periwinkle has the potential to become invasive in certain areas, particularly in the Eastern United States. It can invade natural areas, including forests, and often escapes from old homesites. Once established, it can form a dense carpet, excluding other plants and competing with native flora. This can be a problem in areas where it outcompetes native plants, leading to a decline in biodiversity.
Impact on Native Flora
The common periwinkle’s invasiveness can have a negative impact on native flora. Its dense growth can prevent the establishment and growth of other plants, reducing plant diversity and species richness. This can disrupt ecosystem functioning and lead to a loss of habitat for native wildlife. Additionally, the common periwinkle can alter soil chemistry and nutrient cycling, further affecting the growth and survival of native plants.
Regional Variations in Invasiveness
The invasiveness of the common periwinkle can vary depending on the region and climate. It tends to become invasive in hot Mediterranean climates, where it can spread rapidly and form dense mats. However, its invasiveness may not be as significant in other areas, such as cooler climates or areas with less suitable growing conditions.
Considerations for Planting
To avoid the potential invasiveness of the common periwinkle, it is essential to consider the planting location carefully. It should not be planted in areas where it can spread into natural plantings, like open woodlands or near native plant communities. It can be suitable as a ground cover under trees or in areas where erosion control is needed. Additionally, it is crucial to monitor the growth and spread of the common periwinkle and take appropriate measures to prevent its invasiveness.
Conclusion
The common periwinkle can be an invasive species in certain regions, posing a threat to native ecosystems. Its dense growth can exclude other plants, reduce biodiversity, and alter ecosystem functioning. The invasiveness of the common periwinkle can vary depending on the region and climate. To avoid its potential invasiveness, careful consideration should be given to the planting location and monitoring of its growth and spread.
References:
- GardenRant. (2018, September 14). “Invasive” Ground Covers and the Case for Allowing Periwinkle. Retrieved from https://gardenrant.com/2018/09/invasive-ground-covers-and-the-case-for-allowing-periwinkle.html
- California Department of Fish and Wildlife. (n.d.). Invasive to Avoid: Big Periwinkle. Retrieved from https://wildlife.ca.gov/Conservation/Plants/Dont-Plant-Me/Big-Periwinkle
- Invasive Species Council of British Columbia. (n.d.). Common Periwinkle. Retrieved from https://bcinvasives.ca/invasives/common-periwinkle/
FAQs
Is the common periwinkle an invasive species?
Yes, the common periwinkle has the potential to become invasive in certain regions, particularly in the Eastern United States and hot Mediterranean climates. It can form dense mats, excluding other plants and competing with native flora.
How does the common periwinkle impact native flora?
The common periwinkle’s dense growth can prevent the establishment and growth of other plants, reducing plant diversity and species richness. This can disrupt ecosystem functioning and lead to a loss of habitat for native wildlife.
Are there regional variations in the invasiveness of the common periwinkle?
Yes, the invasiveness of the common periwinkle can vary depending on the region and climate. It tends to become invasive in hot Mediterranean climates, where it can spread rapidly and form dense mats. However, its invasiveness may not be as significant in other areas, such as cooler climates or areas with less suitable growing conditions.
What are some considerations for planting the common periwinkle to avoid its invasiveness?
To avoid the potential invasiveness of the common periwinkle, it is essential to consider the planting location carefully. It should not be planted in areas where it can spread into natural plantings, like open woodlands or near native plant communities. It can be suitable as a ground cover under trees or in areas where erosion control is needed. Additionally, it is crucial to monitor the growth and spread of the common periwinkle and take appropriate measures to prevent its invasiveness.
What are some alternative ground covers that are less invasive than the common periwinkle?
There are several alternative ground covers that are less invasive than the common periwinkle. Some examples include native plants, such as pachysandra, liriope, and sedges. These plants are less likely to spread aggressively and can help prevent erosion and maintain soil health.
How can I control the spread of the common periwinkle if it has become invasive in my garden?
If the common periwinkle has become invasive in your garden, there are several methods you can use to control its spread. These methods include manual removal, chemical control, and biological control. Manual removal involves digging up the plants and removing them from the garden. Chemical control involves using herbicides to kill the plants. Biological control involves introducing natural enemies of the common periwinkle, such as certain insects or fungi, to help reduce its population.
What are the potential consequences of the common periwinkle becoming invasive in an ecosystem?
The common periwinkle becoming invasive in an ecosystem can have several negative consequences. It can reduce biodiversity by outcompeting native plants and reducing their populations. It can also alter ecosystem functioning by changing soil chemistry and nutrient cycling. Additionally, it can provide habitat for pests and diseases that can harm native plants and animals.
Are there any benefits to planting the common periwinkle?
While the common periwinkle can be invasive in some areas, it can also provide some benefits. It is a low-maintenance plant that can help control erosion and suppress weeds. It can also provide ground cover in areas where it is difficult to grow other plants. Additionally, its evergreen foliage can provide visual interest during the winter months.